Theoretically, the setting of the combine harvester is given in the instruction manual. However, these are only output data to carry out detailed adjustments decided by the machine operator. It is up to his knowledge and experience to obtain satisfactory work results, to which undoubtedly are purely threshed, undamaged grains and the smallest possible losses.
The detailed data of individual settings are given in the operating instructions for specific machine models, and in modern machines information on how to adjust individual elements are also given on-board computers. On some machines such adjustments can be made fully automatically. Regardless of this, the parameters given by the manufacturer should be treated only as output, because many factors influence the necessity of making corrections. The most important ones include: the variety of the plant, the humidity of the field (which changes significantly even during the day), the date of harvesting and weed infestation. Differences may also result from the cultivation technology itself - the type and amount of fertilizers used and chemical care of the field. Therefore, it is a mistake to think that in the most modern combine harvesters technical data , it is enough to "get in and go" and the rest will be done by a computer. There is a reason why experienced combine harvesters are by service providers and large farms sought-after and well-paid.
The threshing system is responsible for separating the grain from ears of ears, which in conventional wheel combines consists of two basic elements: a drum and a concave. At this point, at least 90 percent should be separated. seeds. Further on the shakers there is actually only the recovery of "tangled" grain in the straw. Increasingly, behind the threshing machine, various types of active separators (mainly drums) are used, which support this process. The heavier ears, in which the seeds remain, hit the inertia of the auger directing them to the ear conveyor, which in turn transports them to the threshing drum, dropping a narrow stream. If there are too many ears, the load on the shaft increases and the risk of breaking the grains (the place where the ears fall on the shaft can be seen after increased consumption). This is one of the causes of seed damage. In this particular case, the gap between the shaft and the concave should be reduced or the shaft rotation slightly increased, so that the grain is better paid even with the first approach of the ears.
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