WHAT ARE CLOTHES MADE OF? |
Posted: May 30, 2020 |
Today's clothing is made from a variety of different materials. Traditional materials such as cotton, linen and leather are still obtained from plants and animals. But most clothing is made from fossil fuel-based petroleum-derived materials and chemicals. Today, nine main types of raw materials are used in the production of clothing. BASIC DIVISIONThere are three types of basic materials - natural, artificial and synthetic materials. NATURAL MATERIALSIt is made from natural sources. They are airy, soft and pleasant to the touch. The skin under them breathes, they do not cause allergies and irritation, they are simply healthier. They can be less resistant to abrasion and easier to bend. These include silk, cotton, wool, flax, hemp fibers, genuine leather. ARTIFICIAL MATERIALSThey are made of natural substances (mainly cellulose), but chemically processed - viscose, bamboo fiber, artificial leather. SYNTHETIC MATERIALSThe source of synthetic fibers and fabrics is oil from fossil fuels. Approximately 98% of all future fiber growth is expected to be in synthetic fibers, of which 95% will be polyester. They come from artificial ingredients that are not found in nature. They cause increased sweating, static, sticking to the skin, can cause irritation. However, they are more durable and usually do not require ironing. BRIEF CHARACTERISTICS OF SOME MATERIALSWe have selected the most used materials for you and briefly analyzed them. POLYESTERSynthetic fiber characterized by low moisture absorption dries quickly. It is light, easy to wash and non-creasing. It is impermeable to air, often combined with cotton, wool or viscose. COTTONNatural fiber of plant origin. Soft to the touch perfectly absorbs moisture. Among other things, velvet, denim and corduroy are made from it. Pure cotton folds. WAVENatural fiber of animal origin obtained from the fur of sheep, llamas or camels. It has thermal insulation properties, is breathable, heats and absorbs moisture. It is resistant to deformation. The best wool comes from Merino sheep. Cashmere is a high quality material, thin and soft, obtained from cashmere wool. Fabric very pleasant to the touch. VISCOSEMaterial obtained from natural cellulose fibers, chemically treated. It is soft, smooth, pleasant to the touch, absorbs moisture well and surrounds the body nicely. SILKNatural animal fiber obtained from silkworm cocoons. Its production costs are relatively high, so silk clothing is expensive. Fabrics are smooth, slippery, shiny, airy and soft, they do not electrify. Unfortunately, silk is very crumpled and difficult to iron. LENNatural plant fiber. Resistant to high temperatures, ideal for hot weather, airy material, absorbs moisture. It has antiallergic properties. The laundry is creased and difficult to iron. SPANDEX, LYCRASynthetic fiber, called lycra or spandex. Usually in combination with other fabrics, it causes the fabric not to deform and adheres well to the body. SKINIt is one of the oldest forms of material that people use as clothing and remains an important substance especially for shoes and accessories. Approximately 3.8 billion cows and other cattle, sheep and goats are used in the leather industry every year - about one animal for every two people on the planet. More than half of the world's supply of raw materials for leather comes from developing countries, of which China is the dominant buyer and processor. The global trade in raw hides is around $ 30 billion a year. It is best to check the information on the label immediately. The manufacturer of natural leather clothing is obliged to mark these products with a special mark, which contains, for example, a leather symbol or information such as: Genuine leather, 100% leather. Leather products must not be marked as such.Particular attention should be paid to whether the composition of the product is on the label, find out more. ECO LEATHEROtherwise it is called artificial leather. It is made of a material that mimics natural skin. In fact, it is made of polyester fabric, additionally coated with polyvinyl chloride. During production, the skin is exposed to chemical processes. The undoubted advantage of its existence is that animals are not killed in order to obtain material for products. The composition of eco-leather includes: polyurethane (PU), polyester and PVC. It is also necessary to distinguish the composition of the outer part of the casing from its lining, which may contain synthetic material in the composition.
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